Penguin Robot with 27 Brains

PENGUIN ROBOT WITH 27 BRAINS 
In this experiment, a tiny little Parallax Penguin robot is upgraded to the max, and has its big head expanded to include a massive number of brains. It was connected to the BSS BASIC Stamp Supercomputer, the BASIC Stamp Master Offloader machine and rogue BASIC Stamp boards and Stamp processors.

Add these 12 legion superheros

Superhero Penguin brain! Source: Robot Magazine

In the photo, at far right, the M.O.M. machine has ten processors, the BSS, in the middle, has twelve processors, another two processors are located above the PS, plus the Lenovo PC with a duo core processor, and Penguin has one, making a total of 27 brains! The types of brain processors are mixed. Examples include the Basic Stamp 1, the BS2, BS2px, BS2sx, BS2p40, and others. Boards are also mixed.

BRAIN GAIN
The brain of Penguin takes on the functions and peripheral sensors of the other brains, and gains ultrasonic night vision, the ability of sound choir processing, human English and Chinese speech, a uOLED, two serial Green Screen LCDs, signal and power LEDs.

MORE BRAIN POWER
The potential exists to connect more brains from the legion of Penguin Superheros. This would add another 12 brains bringing the total up to 39 BASIC Stamp brains. It would also add 12 compasses, 12 speakers, 12 IR transmitters, 24 IR Receivers, 24 CaS light sensors, 24 motion control servos, 12 LEDs and twelve 7-segment displays.

Machine to Machine Mind Meld Penguin

Penguin Robot connected to BSS

2 Penguin Robot motherboards connected

MACHINE TO MACHINE
MIND MELD
PENGUIN ROBOT BRAIN TO BSS SUPER COMPUTER

MARCH 3, 2011
If you're into connecting processors to Penguin, take a look at this machine to machine mind meld project - the entire BASIC Stamp Super computer was connected to make the smartest Penguin and possibly the Labs first machine to machine mind meld! 

http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/penguin-with-12-brains-basic-stamp.html

The trick was to make one Penguin's port into serial Rx/Tx and connect using one wire into a Daisy Chain configuration, thus making a very large Penguin brain. The added BS2px could contribute on the super computing net. Not only does it add 12 more

12-30-2008

processors to Penguin, it also adds one more processor to the BSS.
http://forums.parallax.com/showthrea...Robot&p=765509
I'm currently working on a much larger brain, currently with 170 processors, and can imagine a project to "beam in" the power of this giant brain directly to Penguin, for wireless operations.
Imagine a scenario where Penguin is sent out on some important exploratory mission, gathering sensor data and beaming it directly to the remote brain for analysis. In another stage, it's the giant Brain that has the mobility and

Penguin at upper left on top of PS

picks up Penguin, syncing with Penguin's brain through BT or IR, and simply takes Penguin along the journey. Consider it a Giant Brain to Penguin mind meld!

REFERENCE 03-03-2011, 05:57 AM #26
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php/129738-Get-your-Penguin-working-without-modifing-the-circuit-card.?p=981575&viewfull=1#post981575

PHOTOS
The above board is being prepared to add to the BSS. This Super Carrier Board has a BS2sx at left and a Penguin board to the right. It makes up a compact yet powerful BSS addition, that easily fits into the Rack. The overall footprint is about the same size as a Basic Stamp Homework Board. The good thing about this arrangement is that X1 has Vin and ground which the Penguin board can tap into. Basically you'll route 5 wires from the BS2px board and 3 from the Carrier to the Collective. 

BRAIN CORTEX IN 2008?
Original Post from 11-21-2008
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php/108169-World-s-Smartest-Penguin-Robot?p=765509&viewfull=1#post765509

As a recent experiment, the brain of Penguin Robot was disembodied by tapping into and connecting it to the BSS Supercomputer.

In a kind of Brain Cortex collective extension, Penguin's brain was made into a parallel cluster of processing power, rewiring the original thought processes, creating a hive or gang of Synaptic Regio, more closer to mimicking a human's brain. Overall, the operation was a great success!

The brain surgery was simple and accomplished by hand. Connect 3 wires, + to Vdd, - to Vss and S to P2 on Master Computer MC, as can be seen in the photos. The power of Penguin's brain became so fantastic, that accessing all the power and all the sensors and all the peripherals from 12 computers made it "THE BRAIN" of all brains!

For one thing, it can access all the data, computational power, sensor information, peripherals such as EMIC text to speech (Penguin is now talking), LCD, uOLED color monitor, PIR, PING))), an entire choir of piezo speakers that run at the same time, dancing lights, and all kinds of just really cool stuff!

The human mind cannot begin to imagine all the possibilities of applications. With only a tiny tether, Penguin now has the biggest Brain with 12 computers running simultaneously and ability to use up to 192 ports. So now little Penguin robot has the tools, software, hardware and the power to be even more amazing!

For even more Brain Power, run the Big Brain software by vrossi. It can increase the number of programs stored in Penguins Brains whenever the computer is a Basic Stamp with more than one 2K bank of EEPROM (i.e. BS2p24, BS2p40, BS2pe, BS2px, etc.). For more info about the BSS Supercomputer:
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=765140

For information and plans to build your own BSS Supercomputer,
check the latest edition of Penguin Tech Magazine posted in the
Parallax Robotics Forum. For more information about the vrossi Big Brain software:
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=765432

4DSC 4D Stamp Computer

The 4DSC supermachine is created from the original 3DSC by adding two 49 oz.in Spatial Motivators to each of two computer boards. This allows all three processors to move relative to each other, creating the first morphing moving core computer supermachine. Numerous applications appear in the Handbook and as posted below.

4DSC - 4D STAMP COMPUTER MORPHING SUPERMACHINE

4DSC - Four Dimensional Morphing Stamp Supermachine
With the invention of the ASP, Automatic Space Positioner, the 3DSC was upgraded to the 4DSC by adding on additional dimensions, such as sound, light, and space simulations. From a hardware perspective, the 4DSC adds servos to BASIC Stamp board computers for motion. This results in the first morphing moving core processor with full featured Spatial Motivators.

A Handbook Guide to Applications for the 3D Stamp Computer
Over five years in the making, the 3DSC is a new multidimensional computer, capable of representing, simulating, and “analoging” the elements and effects of the Universe’s Space Time Continuum. It uses the low cost simplicity of dynamically-configured Parallax Basic Stamp One processors (as moving microcontrollers with Spatial Motivators) with fundamental light and sound. It is an effective quantitative and qualitative teaching tool in Multi-Dimensional Technology (MDT), Physics, Engineering, Computing, Sound, Light and Space-Time Relativity.
Updated schematics
Note the added dimension servos and the Dimension Level Pictorial. The DLP simply provides the location of the servos and the dimension terminology. The coprocessor is included as it has become an upgrade to the original 3DSC. For greater clarity, a full size schematic is posted but not shown on this page. Resolution is improved over the previous posted schematic. Note: new designations are for the upgraded 4D Morphing Computer.

Background
The 3D Stamp Computer invention was conceived on January 4th, 2004, fully designed February 10th, 2008, developed, programmed, tested and released April 11th, 2009, and upgraded to 4D with Spatial Motivators on April 21st, 2009. On April 22, the Spatial Motivators were rebuilt and upgraded to 49 in/oz servos, and dimensional stability was added. Throughout May of 2009, the 3DSC was continually improved and apps were developed.

The following is a list of experiments and simulations explored in this handbook:

A List of 12 Apps for the 4DSC – Experiments, Simulations & Mods

• Using Time and the Space of Pulse Width Modulation to Simulate Microwave Cooling of the Universe’s Big Bang
• Representing the Life Cycle of a Distant Star From Supernova to Brown Dwarf
• Representing Stellar Procession with Six Dimensions Using Tertiary Multidimensional LEDs and two Spatial Motivators
• Representing Atmospheric Scintillation of Stellar Objects Across Space and Time Using Multidimensional LEDs
• Developing a Spatial Motivator Sound Muffler for Active Servos to Increase Accuracy in the detection of Analogous Sound Waveforms
• Simulating Time Travel and Lorenz Contraction with the Annihilation of Sound in Isometric Constructive and Destructive Derivatives
• Simulating Space-Time Gravity Waves with Multidimensional Sound Point Source Transmitters in Altered States
• Space-Time and the Mechanics of Beat Frequency
• Virtual Imaging in Space-Time Teleportation with a Multidimensional POV Persistence of Vision Generator and Spatial Motivator Group
• Constructing and Using Spatial Motivators for Relative Motion in Three Dimensions on the 3DSC
• Simple Air Substrate Doppler Mechanical Generation
• Using Two Spatial Motivators on the 3DSC and a PC Sound Card Oscilloscope
• The 3DSC Primordial Solar System Simulation of Brownian Motion Aggregate in a Three Dimensional Microcosm
 
APP 1
Using Time and the Space of Pulse Width Modulation to
Simulate Microwave Cooling of the Universe’s Big Bang

There are several Universe theories ranging from membranes and strings to the infinite dimension. One theory states, before the Universe was born, there was nothing. This nothing “froth” foamed and ebbed until an enormous explosion took place instantaneously. Radiation was everywhere and the echo of the Big Bang resounded until the end of eternity. Modern day astrophysicists have detected the effects of the Big Bang in the form of cosmic microwave radiation. The way it appeared, cracked and has ebbed and flowed until reaching a more stable condition is simulated with the 3D Stamp Computer using the dimensional elements of light and time. PWM sets up the Big Bang using one LED as a singularity. Time is proportionally scaled. What took billions of years of evolution is now seen in mere seconds. After a compression scale, durated 14 billion years, our experiment concludes. Here’s how it works. Dimension one (Dim1) sets up the Big Bang by activating the light from LED1 and by sending a serial network signal to Dimension 2 (Dim2). Dimension 2 now explodes, activating LED2 at full capacity, then grows the Big Bang by serial signaling Dimension 3 (Dim3) to explode. LED3 explodes to maximum intensity. Over the next few seconds, (eons of time) there are random tidal progressions and ripples of space time, represented by the variations of light flow of all three LEDs. Finally, after 14 billion years (scaled in seconds), our simulated microwave radiation cools to Entropy, as all three dimensional LEDs achieve constant, yet lessened, intensity. The smoothness is shown for another ten seconds until the Universe is extinguished. Then, another Universe is born again (out of a PBASIC DO LOOP), and the process continues in an eternal loop of endless space and time. 

APP 2
Representing the Life Cycle of a Distant Star From Supernova to Brown Dwarf

Over countless eons of space and time, the birth and life cycles of stars in distant space come and go with great affect on the Universe and the Earth. This experiment uses the light from one LED and Pulse Width Modulation code to create a simulation of the life cycle of single star within our galaxy from birth, to Supernova, to Brown Dwarf. The scale of billions of years is scaled into seconds and the light so bright that it can be seen from one end of the galaxy to the other is scaled down to the LED range.
 
APP 3
Representing Stellar Procession with Six Dimensions
Using Tertiary Multidimensional LEDs and two Spatial Motivators

The Universe is in constant motion. Galaxies, stars, planets, nebula, clusters, quasars, black holes - all are in motion. In particular, stellar procession can be observed in stellar systems over a great time span using astrometry technique. This experiment compresses space and time to illustrate stellar procession. It loads the simulated and compressed six dimensional coordinates (gravity, space, time, x, y, z) of a stellar tertiary system and then exhibits the induction of gravitonic simultaneous stellar precession upon all three bodies. Dim1 lights Star1 and then signals Dim2 to light Star2 and begin Dim2’s processional advance. At nearly the same time, Dim2 signals Dim3 to light Star3 and begin Star3 processional advance. Star2 and Star3 will maintain their relative processions with Star1 until some limit is reached.
 
APP 4
Representing Atmospheric Scintillation of Stellar Objects
Across Space and Time Using Multidimensional LEDs

Bound to Earth-based observation, the World’s largest optical telescopes peer through a varying 60 to 120 miles of Earth atmosphere of primarily nitrogen and oxygen, causing waves and ripples of unstable atmospheric seeing. This seeing can vary at infinitesimal levels with scintillation causation effects on angular point sources. The angular subtended diameter of a star at stellar distances is considered a point object source, and results in stellar scintillation. The 3D Stamp Computer is set up to simulate stellar scintillation and the ripples of Earth-bound atmospheric seeing.
 
APP 5
Developing a Spatial Motivator Sound Muffler for Active Servos to Increase Accuracy in the detection of Analogous Sound Waveforms

Extraneous sounds from in-op Dimensional Spatial Motivators are a nuisance. They add random and systematic signatures to waveform analysis, detracting from the purity of the sound waveform and resulting in the reduction of clarifying sound wave data in experiments. This experiment uses sections of foam, lenticular shielding and hyperbolic/ parabolic sound reflectors to cover, deflect and focus the sound generated by each dimensional servo in both DSMs. This helps subdue sounds of moving gears and clarifies the purity of SINE and SQUARE waveforms.
 
APP 6
Simulating Time Travel and Lorenz Contraction with the Annihilation of Sound in Isometric Constructive and Destructive Derivatives

This experiment utilizes the interference pattern of sound waves to show how sound can be made to move beyond the current sound dimension. i.e. sound will travel, merge, and disappear, using the analogy of Einstein’s time travel equation- the factor is one over the square root of one minus v squared over c squared where v is the velocity of the time travel and c is the speed of light.
 
APP 7
Simulating Space-Time Gravity Waves with Multidimensional
Sound Point Source Transmitters in Altered States

This experiment shows the compression and modification of sound waveforms resulting from three point sources in multidimensional space-time. By varying the point sound sources amplitude (time) and distance (space), an altered states resultant waveform is achieved.
 
APP 8
Space-Time and the Mechanics of Beat Frequency

This experiment is written up in the first issue of StampOne News. More information may follow regarding setup and tuning.
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=798852
 
APP 9
Virtual Imaging in Space-Time Teleportation with a Multidimensional
POV Persistence of Vision Generator and Spatial Motivator Group

A POV system is utilized to create the effects of multidimensional transport. While current technology limits true teleportation to a single elemental particle, the 3D Stamp computer is fully capable of simulating the transport of additional elements across space and time. Various mathematical formula, such as the I factor, have shown the theoretical existence of Pi Mesons or Particulate Matter which is capable of faster than light travel and could lead to intra and extra-galactic communications across the galaxy and beyond. This experiment investigates signature travel across space and time using Spatial Motivators, virtual imaging, timing and POV Persistence of Vision generator techniques.
 
APP 10Constructing and Using Spatial Motivators for Relative Motion in Three Dimensions on the 4DSC

This experiment adds relative motion. It takes two servos to move two dimensions relative to each other and a third dimension. If dimensions are labeled from bottom to top respectively, the convention becomes Dim1, Dim2, and Dim3 (or D1, D2, D3). Spatial Motivation has elements of velocity, ramping, acceleration, deceleration, motion freezing, slow mo, harmonic vibration, oscillation, and space-time positioning. A variety of new experiments are possible using the 3DSC SMs. Code homes SM servos in Dim2 and Dim3. Note that board positioning calibration is mechanically important to avoid the static stem mounts during spatial motivation.
 
APP 11
Simple Air Substrate Doppler Mechanical Generation
Using Two Spatial Motivators on the 3DSC
and a PC Sound Card Oscilloscope

This experiment sets up the 4D Stamp Computer Spatial Motivators on Dimension two and Dimension three for Micro Doppler Shift Waveform Demonstrations. D2D3 (s) is minimized at initialization. Upon completion, at the end of the ramping cycle (s) is maximized. The calculus is some constant (K) times the integral of (ds/dt), integrated across (home) to the (outer limit), where (s) is distance, (t) is time, (home) is the init pos, (K) is the displacement constant and (outer limit) is the max range. Servo engagement takes place in opposite nodal directions at accelerated ramping. Output generation is recorded/observed with a pc sound card Oscilloscope tuned/calibrated to the piezo frequency. Run programs:
 
SPACE MOTIVATOR D2 DOPPLER
SPACE MOTIVATOR D3 DOPPLER

Conclusion: given one 4D Stamp computer, two Spatial Motivators and elements of space-time, a mechanical Doppler (sound) can be generated, and recorded in space-time using a pc sound card oscilloscope.

APP 12
The 4DSC Primordial Solar System Simulation of
Brownian Motion Aggregate in a Three Dimensional Microcosm

It is said that the early Universe and Solar System was comprised of primordial matter in Adiabatic Motion. This led to coalescence and aggregation of particles through various physical forces. One such proposed motion is that of the Brownian System. This experiment sets up the 4D Stamp Computer in a randomized flux that evolves per unit time. Brownian motion analog is among the simplest of the continuous-time stochastic processes (programmable in PBASIC using some randomized function), and it is a limit of both simpler and more complicated stochastic processes (such as random walk and Donsker’s theorem which can be applied to robotics).


APP 13
A Guide to Simulating the Extinction of a Mass Source by a Gravity Well (Black Hole)
 
If you want to simulate the extinction of a mass source (part of your 4DSC) by a gravity well (Black Hole), you would need to create several things. First, produce an circle of indistinction made up of gravity wells by using all three spatial dimensions and slowly move the Spatial Motivators so that the dimensions and gravity wells approach and then reside as close as possible to a point source. Call this XYZ1min, XYZ2min, and XYZ3min. (The maximum acceptable diameter of such a circle of confusion is known as the maximum permissible circle of confusion, the circle of confusion diameter limit, or the circle of confusion criterion, but is often incorrectly called simply the circle of confusion.) We will now call this aggregate of space time a singularity. Use an LED or Piezo sound as the mass source. Changes in gravity are represented by changes in light and sound. Calculate the acceleration of the mass source being accelerated by the singularity gravity to near light speed. You may use Einstein’s equations (for example, for time travel, a factor of one over the square root of one minus v squared over c squared where v is the velocity of the object under time travel and c is the speed of light.) You’ll obviously want to open up a worm hole using the singularity and guide the mass source through the worm hole. Here you will need Hawking's equations. Then, you will need to invent the equations of guidance and travel (to avoid being ripped apart gravity or radiation particulate matter collision destruction and maintain course), in addition to considering a method to survive the rigors of travel that happen near infinite mass acceleration. You’ll need to guesstimate on this. No one knows exactly. Since space is more of a warped distorted dimensional relationship than a circle, it will not be easy to predict where and in what time period the mass will reappear from the other end of the worm hole. It will certainly disappear to extinction, no longer existing in our time parallel. There are many theories about this. You’ll have to choose one and develop the simulation around it.


4DSC Applications Note 012810
Ferreting Out Nodal Points Using IR Source Emitters

This experiment is set up with three IR transmitters, which will be designed to act as point emitter sources, one mounted on each Spatial Motivation Unit. The idea is to move each IR unit relative to the remaining, and determine if nodal points can be discerned. This is a
good physics or astrophysics experiment analogous to sound and starlight using waveforms. This requires an IR receiver to complete the experiment. To ensure accuracy and minimize error, the frequency of the IR transmitters must match.


4DSC Applications Note 013110
The Propagation of Heat Mixers
 
This application uses three heat point source and moves the transmitters through various pathways by program. A detector (Parallax MLX90614 Infrared Thermometer Module (90° FOV) item code 28040, with a BASIC Stamp HomeWork Board is setup and programmed as the receiver sensor used to map out the temperature regions. This experiment will answer Physics questions about heat blending, mixing, geometry propagation, and the results of combined motions.


4DSC Application Note 021810
Exploration of Thermodynamics with the 3DSC 

We know that light will bend into its constituent parts using a diffraction grating or prism, or other materials such as atmosphere and water. Other physical properties include sound, motion, heat and gravity. Einstein has already shown that gravity is bendable and is the stuff that shapes the Universe. But can you bend sound, motion and heat? Indeed, sound is bent by wave reflection off of a physical entity or material reflector. Motion is bent by mechanical physical deflection. What about heat? Can you bend heat? How can the 3DSC illustrate the propagation, bending or reflectivity, of heat? Is it a reflection like light, or a propagation of thermal conductivity. Will other factors come into play, such as radiation and convection for various heat distributions? Project Materials: angle iron, nuts & bolts, resistor heat source, Parallax infrared thermal sensor thermometer, external power source supplement, heat barriers, heat reflector. Set up two configurations, one for reflectivity, and one with a barrier. The source (resistor) or the detector (heat sensor) is mounted on the angle iron under the moveable core to achieve various spatial configurations. The second moveable core contains the reflector or barrier. The results are recorded and plotted based on dimensional position values and heat temperature readings.

Resistors in the electronic industry are used to reduce the current voltage by applying a resistance against the current. The decrease in the electrical energy is accompanied by the increase in the heat energy in the resistor. For this reason, resistors act as heat generators and they conduct the heat to heat up the electronic packages they are mounted on. For more information: Computational Mechanics LABORATORY (CML) www.engr.iupui.edu/me/cml/heat.html


3DSC Application Note 021910
Defining Two Spatial Motivators Arcing Motions
 
Motions programmed for the 3DSC undergo the scribing of a circular arc in space and time. With each moveable core, the radius of the arc can be modified by varying the position of the LED, speaker, or other source element as a distance from the “pivotal point.” The Pivotal Point is where the servo connects to the core board. The distance or circumference of the arc depends on the calibrated characteristics of each servo. The angle that each servo can achieve may slightly vary.

According to Geometry, the arc length for a sector of a circle is given
by the arc length formula:

S = r θ

S represents the arc length
r represents the radius of the circle
θ represents the angle in radians made by the arc at the centre of the circle.



4D Morphing Computer (3DSC) Application Note 022410
Exploring Air Pressure with a Propeller Coprocessor
 
Setting up air pressure as the 4th dimension, determine if variances in air pressure show with movable cores and at what speed does the detection become visible? What effects do acceleration (or deceleration) have on the pressure gradient? How does this equate to wind or a breeze? Can you think of some spinoff technology for useful applications? Can you make an anemometer? (An anemometer is a device for measuring the wind speed, and is one instrument used in a weather station.) Creating an anemometer is the first step in converting the 3DSC into a weather station. The setup uses a Parallax KPA Pressure sensor interfaced to a Propeller Coprocessor board. The initial sensor wiring is shown in the photo. The Propeller Demo Board should mount on and under the one of the upper two BS1 cores. Fasten the 3DSC base securely to compensate the added weight.

We can describe pressure gradient acceleration mathematically with the following equation:

F(m/s^2)=abs[(1/D)*((P1-P2)/n)]

where:

D = density of air (average density of surface air is 1.29 kilograms per cubic meter)
P2 = pressure at point 2 in Newtons/m2 (N m^-2)
P1 = pressure at point 1 in Newtons/m2 (N m^-2)
n = distance between the two points in meters

From this equation we can determine wind acceleration between two points in meters per second squared by knowing three variables: the density of the moving air; the change in pressure between the points of interest in newtons; and the distance between the two points in meters. For example, to determine the wind speed between two points for moving air with a density of 1.29 kilograms per cubic meter, a pressure difference of 400 Newtons/m2, and a distance of 300,000 meters, the following calculations would be performed:

F(m/s^2)=abs[(1/1.29)*(400/300,000)]=0.00103m/s^2

From the calculated value of acceleration we can determine wind speed, V, from the formula:

V = V0 + Ft

Where V0 is the initial velocity of the wind and t is the time during which F is applied.


Photo shows the first Propeller coprocessor addition to the 4D Morphing Computer. A Propeller Demo Board is interfaced to a Parallax KPA Pressure Sensor. See text for mounting details.

(New) 4DSC Applications Note 10.19.13
Core motion for use as a heat sink in convective thermal temperature reduction

Specific motion of cores are investigated with temperature monitored heat sources to determine which Newtonian motions are most effective as a coolant.

CONCLUSION
Students/Educators/Hobbyists are encouraged to build their own Three Dimensional Stamp Computer and recreate these experiments, building up their own PBASIC code.

GOING BEYOND
Some additional projects for going beyond what is presented here would include simulating four theories of a multidimensional Universe. More information will be posted as it becomes available.

By Humanoido/SBI
Singularity Institute of Basic Stamp Technology Research & Invention
• Stamp Physics/Astrophysics/Robotics
• Stamp Project Design/Prototyping/Testing
• Stamp Microcontroller Programming
• Stamp Aeronautical Engineering

Discovery Thread
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php/112082-World-s-1st-3-Dimensional-Stamp-Computer-(3DSC).-Upgrade-4D-Morphing-Computer?p=801051&viewfull=1#post801051

BASIC Stamp Compare

BASIC STAMP COMPARE
We used the Parallax old discontinued web site with its BASIC Stamp module comparison generator to create the view below. It shows specifications for the variety of BASIC Stamps currently available and is a valuable reference for creating Stamp projects.

Credit: Parallax
http://classic.parallax.com/BASICStampComparison/tabid/436/Default.aspx
Not shown: Spin Stamp, Javelin Stamp 

Supercomputer Supermachine Name Change

BIG BRAIN DICTATES AND INITIATES WIDE SWEEPING NAME CHANGES TO THE SERIES OF BASIC STAMP SUPERCOMPUTER MACHINES

Introducing
the

Name Genre

The Big Brain AI Machine has spoken and it's suggesting sweeping future changes regarding the naming pool of the array of Basic Stamp projects named supercomputers. The Big Brain says that it's own self machine has qualified as a supercomputer in the Top 500, but Stamp machines may not. Therefore, a new naming convention is suggested for the genre of future Stamp machines.

SELECTING A GENRE
After some study, it's noted the genre is in the pool of "super machines" (coined supermachines by the Big Brain). Supermachines are not exactly supercomputers as they do not qualify in terms of top speed compared to current multi-million and multi-billion dollar supercomputer projects, yet they share other super designs. For example, they exhibit a demonstration of basic principles to take some characteristics of a supercomputer, in particular the notion of larger multiples of relatively simple processors communicating over a common bus, each doing a portion of a task in parallel.

TRADITIONAL SUPERCOMPUTER ELEMENT
The traditional defining element of a supercomputer is top speed at the time the supercomputer is current, measured and benchmarked. The stamp machines are indeed super, and have top speed compared to each other, i.e. a single Stamp, but they do not have top speed when compared to the current world supercomputer.

MEASURE OF SPEED
As an example, the BS2 stamp rapidly clicks along at 4,000 IPS while the 81 BS2 stamps machine will average 324,000 IPS, still considerably slower than the Big Brain, which is an actual supercomputer. With a lot of BS2px modules, one of the fastest stamp modules created by Parallax and used in Penguin robot's motherboard, the speed is closer to 19,000 x 81 = 1,539,000 IPS.

Clearly in this case, the speed around 2 MIPS is really amazing for a group of Stamps! However, the Stamp machines are slow by comparison to other computers and are not competing for speed outside of their own genre.

Their power comes within their own Stamp comparative genre, i.e. Stamp to Stamp, inclusive of speed, micro controlling ability, simple-quick programming ease, and the benefits of parallel processing. For example, these assets include approximately 81 x 16 = 1,296 ports, and 81 parallel deterministic processors.

SAME ACRONYMS APPLY
Therefore, names such as Tricore Basic Stamp Supercomputer will also be synonymous with Tricore Basic Stamp Supermachine as referenced in the future. This will prevent current and future misconceptions that could prevail outside the Lab when publishing and presenting Stamp projects. For convenience, the same original acronyms will still apply as supercomputer and supermachine are "S" prefixed the same. It is not our intention to change previous historical posts.

SUPERMACHINES
Basic Stamp Supermachines, by definition, have two or more Basic Stamps, chips, modules or boards.

NAME EXAMPLES
Some name examples are as follows: (the first name is the original, the next line in red is the future suggested name)

BSS - BASIC Stamp Supercomputer
BSS - Basic Stamp Supermachine

Penguin with 12 Brains
(no change)

SEED - Baby BASIC Stamp SEED Supercomputer
SEED - Self Enumerating Evolving Deterministic Supermachine

TRICORE Basic Stamp Supercomputer
TRICORE Basic Stamp Supermachine

MSS - MINUSCULE Stamp Supercomputer
MSS - MINUSCULE Stamp Supermachine

TSS - Tiny BASIC Stamp Supercomputer
TSS - Tiny BASIC Stamp Supermachine

MOM - Master Offloader Machine
(no change)

TWO STAMP BSS BASIC Stamp Supercomputer
TWO STAMP BSS BASIC Stamp Supermachine 

AM - The Algorithm Machine
(no change)

3DSC - Three Dimensional Stamp Supercomputer
3DSC - Three Dimensional Stamp Supermachine

4DSC - Four Dimensional Morphing Stamp Supercomputer
4DSC - Four Dimensional Morphing Stamp Supermachine

QUADLYZER - Quantum Analyzer 
(no change)

SUPERSTAMP
(no change)

GST - Giant Basic Stamp Supercomputer
GST - Giant Basic Stamp Supermachine

BBSS - Behemoth Basic Stamp Supercomputer
BBSS - Behemoth Basic Stamp Supermachine

Handbook of Basic Stamp Supercomputing
Handbook of Basic Stamp Supermachines

List of BASIC Stamp Supermachines

Left to right supermachines: BSS, SEED, 4DSC, Penguin, 2 Stamp, Tricore, TSS

Baby Stamp Supermachine

LIST OF BASIC STAMP SUPER MACHINES 
BASIC Stamp Super Machines: it's all in the name... designed to represent the nature of super computing by comparing the power of one stamp to the increased power of a machine with many stamps.

The BASIC Stamp Supermachine
is a demonstration of basic principles to take some characteristics of a supercomputer, in particular the notion of larger multiples of relatively simple processors communicating over a common bus, each doing a portion of a task in parallel.

BASIC Stamp Supermachines range from the smallest 2 Stamps machines all the way up to the largest Giant 81 Stamps machine and the behemoth 140 Stamps machine.

The index/list includes the entire family of (fifteen) BASIC Stamp Supermachines and a brief summary of the the key points of each machine. BASIC Stamp Supermachines range from low cost simple to construct machines all the way up larger units built over a decade in time. So there's a project within everyone's grasp in terms of affordability and level.

BSS - BASIC Stamp Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/06/basic-stamp-supercomputer.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=765140
1st hobby supercomputer using BASIC Stamps. Popularized putting together many processors to make a more powerful machine. Improved and upgraded to contain over 20 stamps.

Penguin with 12 Brains - World's Smartest Parallax Penguin Robot
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/penguin-with-12-brains-basic-stamp.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=765509
In this project, Penguin's mono brain was connected to the BASIC Stamp Supercomputer. This created the potential to add on more processor brains, write 16,000 programming instructions, add all the resources of the Basic Stamp Supercomputer, include 176 controlling ports, color uOLED display, green screen LCD, ultrasonic vision, presence sensors, more memory, speech in English and Chinese... 

SEED - Baby BASIC Stamp SEED Supermachine
Self Enumerating Evolving Deterministic
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2012/07/seed-supercomputer.html
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2012/07/seed-supercomputer-part-2.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=817126
World’s 1st living stamp supercomputer. Ten Stamp processors - each is a life form. They are born, develop a unique personality, talk to neighbors, remember conversation, recall information, do work, nap, sleep, and dream. Includes wireless transceiver. SEED was originally named the Baby Stamp Supercomputer and contained a crown bearing the logo.

TRICORE Stamp Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/tricore-basic-stamp-supercomputer.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=822511
With three cores, for testing and developing other supercomputers. Three Stamp processors equal the minimum requirement to test and develop the Stamp SEED Supercomputer. Capable of rapid load/test for multiple processor code. Includes lite version of Tiny AI life form code from Stamp SEED Supercomputer.

MSS - MINUSCULE Stamp Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/minuscule-stamp-supercomputer.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=821451Minimal Two Core Machine. Smallest possible supercomputer, lowest cost, increases power of one processor. Contains two processors. Used for testing/writing code related to connecting Stamps together, establishing baud rates, timing/syntax, and exploring various network configurations.

TSS - Tiny BASIC Stamp Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/tss-tiny-stamp-supercomputer.html
January/Feb. 2011 issue of Robot magazine, page 16 in the LERN section 
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php/126245-Tiny-Stamp-Supercomputer-TSS

The world's 1st first hand-held BASIC Stamp Supermachine. Absolutely most powerful, considering it has the smallest footprint with many tiny networked processors. Has its own book with 30 fun projects. Includes Architecture, Assembly, Programming, Tutorial, Applications, Complete Code. The TSS has multiple computers, LCD green screen output monitor, radio transmitter, receiver, speakers for sound output, breadboard real estate and a 64K EEPROM memory board interfaced to a tiny Hub. The TSS Stamp supercomputer is so small, it will fit into a soup bowl or coat pocket. Includes special features such as hardware programming "on the fly."

MOM - Master Offloader Machine (10 BS1s)
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2012/01/master-offloader.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=765140
The Master Offloader Machine was conceived from the need to offload intensive duties of the Master Computer in the BASIC Stamp Supermachine (BSS). MOM was the first supercomputing project to show that connecting together multiple BASIC Stamp 1s and Stamp 2 flavors was possible. Contained ten processors.

TWO STAMP BSS (BS2sx + BSpx)
Two-Stamp BASIC Stamp Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/2-stamp-bss.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=765140
Established the wiring for connecting a BS2sx to a BS2px BASIC Stamp processor. Amplified the power of one Stamp. This is entirely different from the Minuscule Stamp Supermachine which used the same BASIC Stamp processors. Discovered the interaction of two dissimilar Stamps wired together.

AM - The Algorithm Machine (Two Stamp 1 Project Boards)
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2010/08/am-algorithm-machine_24.html
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2010/09/brain-build-1_13.html

3DSC - Three Dimensional Stamp Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/3dsc-worlds-1st-3d-stamp-supercomputer.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=799604
World’s first 3D Stamp Supermachine to explore a multi-dimensional universe. Initially designed for simple space-time simulations. Includes three networked BASIC Stamp 1’s using Dx boards. Upgraded to include two servo-driven moving cores. Many applications developed for advanced hobbyists, students, teachers, designed for classrooms, high school Physics and advanced university level experiments with sound, light, time, motion, heat, etc. Upgraded with a Stamp 2 coprocessor.

4DSC - Four Dimensional Stamp Computer Morphing Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/4dsc-4d-stamp-computer.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php/112082-World-s-1st-3-Dimensional-Stamp-Computer-(3DSC).-Upgrade-4D-Morphing-Computer?p=801051&viewfull=1#post801051
With the invention of the ASP, Automatic Space Positioner, the 3DSC was upgraded to the 4DSC by adding on additional dimensions, such as sound, light, and space simulations. From a hardware perspective, the 4DSC added servos to each BASIC Stamp computer for motion. This results in the first morphing moving core processor with full featured Spatial Motivators.

QUADLYZER - Quantum Analyzer
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2012/10/quadalyzer-quantum-analyzer.html 
four BASIC Stamp 2 HomeWork Boards - 4 Deterministic Parallel Clustered Cores with LCD Display,  Enumerators, Speakers, LEDs, 8-Bit Parallel and 4-Bit Micro I/O Interfaces. THE QuadLyzer is a machine that can reflect representative states of the Quantum World. It accomplishes this inside four processors representing at least four space dimensions. These are held as algorithmic states and parameters located inside multiple networked clustered parallel processors. Like the example of two real world mirrors of reflective dimension facing each other which represent infinity reflections, the QuadLyzer too can reflect more dimensions from baseline to infinity and states in between.

SUPERSTAMP 
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/superstamp.html
(9 cores, BS2 + Propeller 1) The SuperSTAMP is a very powerful BASIC Stamp "module" made from a Parallax BS2 Board of Education and a Propeller Proto Board. The added features and resources create added capabilities and power that go far beyond the original Stamp.

GSS - Giant Basic Stamp Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/giant-basic-stamp-supercomputer-gst.html
Adds together all previous Stamp Supermachines for a grand total of 81 Stamps.

BBSS - Behemoth Basic Stamp Supermachine
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/behemoth-basic-stamp-supercomputer-bbst.html
Takes the GST Supermachine with 81 stamps and adds another 59 Stamps to make a 140 Stamps total behemoth machine. 

Handbook of Basic Stamp Supermachines
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/basic-stamp-supercomputer-book.html
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php?p=841541
This book is written to answer many questions about hobby BASIC Stamp Supermachines and offer a starting point for construction of your own Stamp Supermachine. Includes apps, programming and many details to get you started immediately. Delves into Stamp AI Artificial Intelligence and many aspects of Stamp supermachines. Includes an outstanding reference to useful Basic Stamp educational material. The electronic version is posted and available for download free of charge.

OTHER LINKS
Compare Stamps
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/basic-stamp-compare.html

Supercomputer Supermachine Naming
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/supercomputer-supermachine-name-change.html

Why create a BASIC Stamp Supermachine? 
I'm a hobbyist that loves BASIC Stamps. I have fun and enjoy learning new things by making interesting and challenging projects. All the information is offered free of charge so the projects can be duplicated and customized by others. I hope it will lead to many enjoyable learning experiences.

A Parallax BASIC Stamp Supermachine is a fun hobby project that connects together multiple BASIC Stamps, in a network, to make "the many, more powerful than the one." The name Supermachine is in context of making one Stamp computer into a super Stamp machine with more capability not possible with just one Stamp. The comparison of "superness" is within the genre of BASIC Stamps.

The gains are significantly more ports, faster speed, more programming code statements, more sophisticated programming, paralleled operations, increase in sensor and peripheral abilities, and numerous techniques available to Parallax BASIC Stamp Supermachines.

Stamp One News Magazine

STAMP ONE NEWS! MAGAZINE

Welcome to StampOne News! an exciting independent home-spun journal, solely designed by hobbyists for hobbyists. 

 

In particular, we want home experimenter enthusiasts and students to benefit from these project examples and be stimulated into creative thinking with the inspiration to build home circuits, science projects, and unique inventions. The Premier Issue is packed full of exciting and interesting BS1 Stamp ideas, and include the build instructions for the 3DSC, a 3D Basic Stamp Computer. This interesting microcontroller has three stamp cores and some interesting applications.

 

Stamp One News! - Premier Issue 1 - Spring 2009

LEFT: The first galley proof was in black and white as it rolled off the computer printer page by page.

Download here from the PRS Penguin Robot Society
http://95.110.232.70/pdf/SO01.pdf

"Everything about the Parallax BS Micro" Servers are standing by for downloads of the PDF file of this electronic magazine. The magazine can also be downloaded from the Parallax host on the Forum.



http://forums.parallax.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=60052&d=1239624522

Historical Information Tracings
Spring 2009 StampOne News 04-07-2009, 01:58 PM
http://forums.parallax.com/showthread.php/108121-BASIC-Stamp-Supercomputer?p=797764&viewfull=1#post797764

The Spring 2009 StampOne News is almost complete! The feature article for the 3D Stamp Computer is being expanded with some included software. Some extra programs for app demos are a must for this remarkable new project invention. Since the new electronic magazine is all about Stamps, look for it first posted in the Stamp Forum. The 3D Stamp Computer is a spinoff of the Basic Stamp
Supercomputer, so maybe some information will appear here as an announcement update.

As I understand, a web page will be made for StampOne News at the PRS Robot web site, which also includes the Penguin (robot) Tech Magazine. In the future it would be nice to have a posted thread for the 3DSC at the Parallax Forum for questions and answers, and a web page for it here. A link is provided.

StampOne News! Update... 04-10-2009, 04:08 PM
The mag has entered the proofreading stage, all articles are complete.
The feature article is the 3D Stamp Computer, with plans on how to
build your own. Since all the software is included in print, with the
article, I would like to ask the forum if individual files for the same
are necessary? It would save a lot of time if people could copy the
program from the magazine using copy and paste. It would be a
good idea, faster, simple, save on storage, and make more time for
new projects. What do you think? www.robotinfo.net/penguin/

LEFT: Here's a tiny galley proof preview.

MORE LINKS
www.p-robot.com/index.php/stamp-one-news.html












Index to Stamp One News! Issue #1

INDEX TO StampOne NEWS! SPRING 2009
===================================
School & Home Projects with the Parallax Basic Stamp 1
Basic Stamp One Book?
Build Your Own 21st Century 3D Stamp Computer!
-Introducing Space-Time Computing
-Powerful Dimension Engines
-3D Chess
-Overview
-Modify the Dx Board
-Wiring Procedure
-Cost
-Photos Note
-3D Computer Parts List
-PBASIC 3D Code
-Let's Hold a Party - By the Rules
-Multiple Dimensional Core Computing
-Bells & Whistles
-Power Requirements
-Tuning the Piezos
-Waveform Analysis
-Discovery of the 3D Stamp Computer
-Demonstration Code
-Three Dimension Channel Stereo
-(Code for D1, D2, D3))
-Harmonic Oscillator
-Resonation
-Constructive and Destructive Interference
-Beat Frequency 3D Program
-Applications for Beat Frequency
-(Levels 3 and 2 Code)
-Switching Off Dimensions
-Creating a Standby Mode
-Harmonic Additive Synthesis
-Light Effects
-Sensors
-3D Motion Mechanics
-Interdimensional Communications
-(Code for Dim1, Dim2, Dim3)
-Deploying the Network Code
-How to Use the 3D Stamp Computer
-3DSC Tips
-Debug
-Conclusion
-Glossary of 3D Computer Terms
Debug Talk Collection
Which BS1 for Making Your Own Stamp Board?
Add a Serial Port to the Basic Stamp One
Stamp One Specs
The Search For the Smallest Stamp - OEM BS1 History
Two Stamp 1 Project Boards - Can You Spot the Difference?
Simple BS1 Robot Build Ideas Plus Links and Sources
Why Go the BS1 Route?
Does It Make You a Little Crazy?
Quick Reference Guide PBASIC 1 Instructions
Proposed Projects
Features of StampOne News!
Magazine Overview
Basic Stamp One Notes