Big Brain Brain Transfer Man to Machine Index

Brain Transfer Man into Machine

The massive multiple part series project to develop a machine cortex brain evolved to include the transfer of some characteristics of a human brain, such as personality and memory, into the machine brain representative of immortality. Many links are included to the 53 part series with inspiration to build your own machine brain in a jar and transfer an exampling part of your own brain into the machine.

https://space1usa.blogspot.com/2018/11/space1-brain-tranfer-man-to-machine.html

DIY Alien in a Jar

The project is to put this alien into a jar

DIY ALIEN IMPRISONED IN A JAR PROJECT

As we moved our SETI equipment to a new laboratory location, for our own Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence in the Milky Way galaxy, we were appropriately gifted with the presence of a tiny alien!

This interior scape was color printed to serve as a method to modify the look of the jar

Completed alien imp in a jar seen in lid filtered room lighting

ALIENS
Predator, as seen in the two movies, came with it's own electronic whip from the future and multi-functional spear. The predator also has a mask, part of its protective warrior suit.

METHOD
To put a cap on its impish behavior, we decided to locate a home jar and encapsulate the little critter therein.

Impish little Predator is jar imprisoned for naughty behavior

JARS
Jars abound in the Humanoido Lab - for electronic projects housed in jars, electronic brains in jars, robots in jars, and now an alien in a jar. Plastic jars are free or low cost, easy to find, convenient to work, and can be recycled to help save the Earth's environment.

 SPOTLIGHTS

Attaching material

To showcase the imprisoned little beast, we obtained two micro-miniature LED flashlights, model number ZY-M020, one with white and one with red LEDs for NT$120.

These are tiny tri-multifunction lights with steady on, blinking, and strobing selections. The body is made from a type of neoprene flexible rubber with a looping flexible lanyard, a rigid plastic angle mount, and the embedded four function switch (including off). 

Each flashlight has two LEDs positioned 1/2-inch on center. A black battery compartment lid is the entry for 2xCR2032 battery cells.

See translation

THE HOME JAR
The plastic home jar came from the pet isle at the Welcome grocery store and contained pet food which was given away, and the label was removed.

Remove the label by applying heat to first soften the adhesive backing then slowly pullup a corner of the label and evenly pull it off. Do not pull too quickly or the label will tear and leave a sticky glue mess.

The reason for using a pet food jar is two fold, one, it has a carrying handle on the threaded lid top, and two, it has four nearly square sides for less image distortion when viewing the jar's interior.

This facilitates photography of the interior contents, in this case, a little alien beast, with almost no distortion.

Paste As You Wish Taiwan product

MOUNTING
The trick was mounting the Predator in the jar. Normally a putty type material adhesive is used, such as trade name Blu-Tack. However, in Taiwan, only a chinese product is available with a literally translated name of "Paste As You Wish."

TRANSLATION
The low cost "Paste As You Wish" attaching material is described as high tech, safe, nontoxic, pastes standing/flat surfaces, repeat use, environment friendly, and the method requires no glue, nails, or double sided stick tape.

(Information translated in Singapore) 

The printed star ship also did not fit the ambiance decor of the jar

It took a few moments of study to realize the material was not actually a goop of real tar, because some of the material was residual and stuck to hands and fingers.

Two 20g packages were obtained from the dollar store for NT$20 each. Five stores were visited to find the material. The product appears like a black sticky tar.

For use, stretch it and pull off a piece and then shape it like clay. Note: some black sticky tar-like pieces of the material may cling to hands or clothing, therefore be sure to knead the material for even consistency.


SCAPE RESULTS
The project included the color printing of various scapes such as the large star ship, the jungle, the future interior, and the collection of alien and human skulls and bones.

These collections of prints change the jar ambiance, style, location, and time era.

However, to avoid clutter, and for the best lighting and use of the strobing colored spotlights, the best impact is with the alien and it's three accessories only, showcased inside the jar.

CUTE COSBABY
The Predator figure is a cute CosBaby AVPR Wolf Predator action figure in baby form (Catalog Number 1686203) from Hot Toys, with articulated joints, highly detailed accessories and removable weapons. Made from vinyl, it stands 3-inchs tall.

HOT TOYS LTD is a Hong Kong based production house, established in 2000. They design, develop, and manufacture highly detailed with actual likeness toy merchandise to worldwide markets. 

www.hottoys.com.hk


PREDATOR OR ALIEN
How confusing can it get? Is predator an alien? Yes. But is Predator "Alien?" No. To see the difference between Predator and Alien, watch the 2004 movie Alien vs Predator.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alien_vs._Predator_film
 
For the poster download (seen below)
http://superhappycashcow.com/pic/Aliens/avp/cosbaby/

Brain Cortex Joins FM Radio Station

BRAIN CORTEX JOINS FM RADIO STATION
What do you get when crossing a machine brain cortex with an FM radio transmitter?

The project underway will adjust the brain cortex in a jar to speak English and then transmit the amplified audio speech via the radio station transmitter. As we know, the cortex is always talking so broadcasting its speech ideas is an interesting and useful idea, for not only monitoring its condition and health, but also to broadcast the state of its learning, retention and characteristics.

A serial brain cortex output of speech will be tailored to fit the speech center on the Parallax Propeller chip. This audio feed will interface to the FM Transmitter. The transmitter will be located inside the jar and switched on when transmitted speech is desired.

Brain Cortex Jar Study Part 54

BRAIN CORTEX In the forth corridor, the spirit thermometer bisects the compartment making space for dual desiccators at this location. The jar has three remaining full size dessication compartments created by the corners of mounted power units. The jar study verifies the necessity of a sizable desiccation system. After the jar is hermetically sealed, RH will settle although the temperature may fluctuate based on the external temperature variance and heat given off by the internal energy source.

BRAIN CORTEX JAR STUDY PART 54
As work progresses on the construction of a brain in a jar and electric devices are coming together, experiments are conducted on the atmosphere occurring inside the jar.

With the jar kept a bit ajar on the lid, the temperature and humidity are monitored without the Desiccator Unit in place. As the temperature drops below 70 degrees Fahrenheit, we see the RH shooting up to 65 without any indoor climate control in place.

High levels of humidity are to be avoided inside the jar to prevent any surface sweating condensation and resulting corrosion, and as a result of this study, the jar will received a Quad Desiccator to bring down RH.

It's recommended to keep the jar sealed, activate the QD, and monitor the internal temperature particularly during charging to prevent any overheating conditions.

Desiccators can be removed for dessication recharging, by removing heat safe chemical crystals in the container and baking the contents on a metal pan in an oven to remove their moisture content. Instructions are on the web and follow all safety precautions.

The QD will reside in the four remaining corners produced by mounting the Power Units. In the fourth containment, a space bisection results leaving two narrow vertical corridors which are perfect for mounting cylindrical desiccators, one one each side of the spirit thermometer.

The QD is currently under construction, mainly involving a large collection of the dessication chemical. The dessication chemical is free by scrounging assorted sources and packaging.

Cortex Brain Living Time Capsule Part 53

CORTEX BRAIN LIVING TIME CAPSULE PART 53

CREATE A LIVING TIME CAPSULE
Send your loved ones into the future, to survive long after they pass away. This project involves creating a living time capsule with a machine brain cortex jar, by placing the partial intellectual contents of a member of your family (mind knowledge, experiences, personality) into the machine (by mind to machine transfer as previously discussed) and letting it live for a very long time.

When it arrives in the future (perhaps 200 years) a distant relative can talk to the brain cortex, experiencing and knowing a part of their past relative. This could be your mother or father, great grandmother or great great grandfather.

There may be some consolation if for example, you become a mother and your daughter can have you with her during her old age, or her elderly children can have you around when you are a grandmother, and their aged children when you are a great grandmother.

Although the concept is in its early developmental stages, one can see the great potential of the technology.

Index to the Brain Cortex
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html

Cortex Brain Hibernation Part 52

Jar brain hibernation journey into time

BRAIN CORTEX HIBERNATION PART 52
Once you have a portion of your brain transferred into the jar in machine electric format, it becomes relatively easy to establish a mode of hibernation.

This safe low power mode can preserve the program and memory for very long periods of time, and then awaken to full performance status.

Hibernation, similar to napping or sleeping, can be conducive to long periods of time in suspension, in getting from time frame A to time frame B with minimal expenditures of resources.

Step hibernation is possible to allay portions or time periods. Like a time period jump from A to B, it helps move farther into the future.

For example, it may be useful to enter a time period of hibernation when the jar has no caretaker. It may be useful to enter low power modes to get maximum time penetration of the batteries.

Hibernation, napping, sleeping can all result in greater time penetration. Penetrating farther into the future, like a living time capsule, is one objective of this project.

Hibernation is similar to suspended animation, like a process of slowing down or freezing the human body only to restore it in the future. In this case, the circuits are slowed down or electrically frozen or suspended and restored in the future.

TERMS
Hibernation
Time Period Jump
Napping
Sleeping
Suspended Animation
Freezing
Step Hibernation 
Encapsulated Time

Index to the Brain Cortex
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html

Brain Cortex Board Design Part 49

BRAIN CORTEX BOARD DESIGN PART 49
BRAIN BOARD BEGINS GROWTH
One cortex board version is seen to the left of the 3-liter jar, with one Parallax Propeller chip. This design is assembled on one solderless breadboard from E.I.C. ® Taiwan which is ISO 9001-2008 Approved. Eight of these boards were purchased for the Brain Cortex in a Jar project, which could hold 8 chips and 64 RISC processors. Each board holds 1 chip and 8 RISC processors.

The jar holds two connected solerless breadboards, each 2 1/8" wide x 3 5/16" long x 3/8" high (including two power rails, one on each side consisting negative and positive terminal rows). It's determined that two of these boards joined together fit into the jar and can be rotated into position with a mounting on top of the power units.

Principle features of the single Cortex board include the following:

* Parallax Propeller Chip
* 32K HUB RAM
* 32K ROM
* 8 Parallel RISC Processors
* Prop Tool
* Red LED Input/Output
* Speaker
* Decoupling Capacitors
* Chip Crisscross Wiring VSS/VDD
* Solar Panel Circuit with Schottkey Diode
* BOE Brown Out Enable - Disable Circuit with Resistor
* 32K EEPROM
* Crystal for 80mHz operations
* Power Supply Quadruple Filter
* CdS Light Sensor with Resistor Capacitor

Index to the Brain Cortex
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html

Brain Cortex Spirit Thermometer Install Part 47

Thermometer locates between two power units

BRAIN CORTEX SPIRIT THER- MOMETER INSTALL 

PART 47

Position black and red wires behind the thermometer

It's important to monitor the jar's core battery temperature status when recharging. This inexpensive and simple solution will do just that!

At the moment batteries become warm during the charging process, it's an indication the charging process is complete.

It may also indicate that the trickle charger is trickling too much and adjustment to the charging power grid is required.

Unit is next to the solar panel grid

This blog details the installation of a low cost small spirit thermometer inside the Brain Cortex jar. The thermometer is placed in a position, opposite the electric thermometer and lower in between two twin power units to read their heat signature.

The position of the single spirit thermometer is a drop down in between the corners of two twin power units.

The spirit filled traditional small thermometer has ~ -30 to +50 degree Centigrade scale, intended for food freezer use. The unit is part number G-590. The glass tube is the same length as a 1.5-volt D-size battery. 

It has a scale in one degree increments. The goal is to attach or place this thermometer to the proximity of a battery and monitor the charging temperature during the charging process, and continuously monitor the battery temperature to assure everything is nominal.

Accurate reading of the tiny scale may need a magnifier

The thermometer can stay mounted inside the jar, remaining with close contact with a single battery for continuous monitoring and inspections.

The analog temperature will be read through the transparent jar by visual inspection, as the unit is placed in contact with the interior transparent jar wall.

Early tests show the higher mounted electric thermometer reading 73 degrees Fahrenheit and the spirit thermometer, which contacts the jar floor, reading 72 degrees Fahrenheit, a nominal temperature difference of 1 degree due to the strata positioning.

Like other traditional thermometers of this type, there is no maintenance. Purchaed from a dollar store, at more than a dollar, the cost was NT$85. The thermometer may be purchased at this source: http://www.double-sun.com.tw

The spirit thermometer can be used in tandem with the electric thermometer, obtaining a cross gradient and cross section of battery and jar room temperature, for better assessment of the jar's Eco-environment.

Principle concern is for the electronics, especially the Parallax Propeller chip which is rated at a median temperature of 50 C during tests according the to specification sheet.

There is a meltdown jar temperature and this limit may be reached long before the Propeller chip upper limit is reached.

LINKS
Index to the Brain Cortex
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html
Thermometers
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/10/brain-cortex-thermometers-part-9.html
Electric Thermometer Source
http://www.double-sun.com.tw

Brain Cortex Power Wiring Part 45

BRAIN CORTEX POWER WIRING PART 45
ELECTRIC JUICE  It's time to attack the brain cortex wiring and complete this phase of the project. Let's get some electric juice going! The jar is home to the brain cortex. Every home needs electrical wiring and the brain's jar is no different. The electric juice will power the brain, lighting, speaker, and sensors.

Wire each twin power unit like this

The next step is wiring the power unit. In this procedure, the battery holders are removed and the ends (+ and -) black and red wires are connected together with yellow twists. Be consistent by connecting the wires on the right sides of the twin holders.

Snap in a size D battery into each battery holder.

Insert batteries outside of the jar

Initially we're using Zinc Carbon batteries (Philips LongLife R20).

Now cut four black wires and four green wires, each 5-inches long, and strip the ends. Connect these with yellow twists to the left side wires on the battery holders. Attach a small piece of Scotch tape to insulate

Taped ends prevents shorts

one end of each wire to prevent a short during the installation.

Measure the voltage of each twin power unit. Remember, a twin power unit equals two batteries and two battery holders connected together in series to obtain 3 volts. (The voltage of new batteries not under load

Finished wiring - test shows 3.13 volts

will be slightly higher than 3 volts.)

Reinstall all battery holders, remembering their correct positions to fit into the jar holes.

Gather up all the green wires, insert one 5" length of green solid wire, and twist the ends together with the  yellow twist. Repeat for the red wires. The two lengths of solid wire will connect to the solderless breadboard. Use a plastic clothes pin to hold all the ends together. Test again for voltage. In the test, the meter shows 3.13 volts for new Zinc-Carbon D cell batteries connected together. Note: during this procedure, the Solar Panel red and black wires are left floating. These may connect later to the solderless breadboard.

The Chinese yellow wire twists are sold in Taiwan, in a package of 20 for NT$20 obtained from the dollar store. The brand is manufactured under authority of Sellery Inc. California USA, and the DIY item number is TE-18. http://www.sellerytools.com  886-2-26103915

Note: The battery holders each have a red and black connection wire. Supply a 5-inch length of wire and connect it to the lowest wire nearest to the jar floor. This enables it to reach the top where similar colored wires connect together. 

Index to the Brain Cortex
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html 

Brain Cortex Update Part 43

Brain Cortex is shaping up very nicely in November

BRAIN CORTEX UPDATE PART 43 

NOVEMBER 2013
The machine brain in a jar now is beginning to take shape, and includes the power mounts and the power solar panel ready for wiring. The new design uses a twin stacking of battery holders mounted directly onto the interior jar wall. Each series stack delivers 3 volts to the Propeller chip circuit.

It's time to wire the twin holders series connections

The next step is more testing and wiring phase I. It's uncertain as the extent of the control panel, or will the brain be entirely on auto pilot, managing itself.

The route of the control panel may include the voltage monitor, the temperature and humidity monitor, and various switchable modes between battery and solar panel operations, the status of charging, no charging, and various energy modes. Positioning the thermometer is critical to determine the battery supply heat level at all times inclusive of charging. Humidity will be monitored as part of the Desiccator which removes moisture from the air inside the jar.

A next step is wiring all right hand sides of the battery holders, joining black to white with a yellow twist. This produces the twin pack's series connection, creating three volts to operate the propeller chip. The space in the corners of the holders is available for additional battery holders. This could supply the digital meter that reads the power level.

ABOUT THE CORTEX
The cerebral cortex is the outermost layered structure of neural tissue of the cerebrum (brain), in humans and some other vertebrates. It covers the cerebrum, and is divided into two cortices, covering the left and right cerebral hemispheres. The medial longitudinal fissure is a deep groove that separates these two hemispheres. The cerebral cortex plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptual awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. It consists of up to six horizontal layers, each with a different composition in terms of neurons and connectivity. The human cerebral cortex is 2 to 4 millimetres (0.079 to 0.16 in) thick.

PROJECT OBJECTIVES
The project objective is to develop a cortex machine brain, demonstrate human-to-machine brain transfer, in particular to take some relatively simple human characteristics and transfer portions to the machine brain, whereby human traits could be given greater life longevity, leading towards immortality. 

LINKS & CREDITS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_cortex
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate
http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/a/aa032505a.htm

BRAIN CORTEX INDEX
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html

Brain Cortex Power Mounts Part 42

CORTEX BRAIN POWER MOUNTS PART 42
THE BRAIN IS POWER HUNGRY
The brain cortex in a jar power mounts consist of eight battery holders mounted directly on the inside jar. The mounts are four hardware assemblies to a single battery holder and include a half inch spacer, nut, bolt and three sealing washers to each. Thus far, the single battery holders are stacked twins. The jar has four geometrically mounted twins.

The 32 holes in the transparent polymer jar are not drilled but rather made with a hot soldering iron to do the melting. This is the best approach considered as hot glue would damage the jar, a mechanical drill is prone to scratching the jar, there's no easy method of scoring the surface for drilling, and a punch can easily tear the substrate.

Each assembled power unit is held in position inside the jar and from the outside, a hot soldering iron melts a tiny dot over the spacer end. The power unit is removed and the four holes are melted into the jar. Then, the power unit is mounted on the jar and process is repeated for seven others. (see illustration)

JAR CAVEAT
Be careful when handing the jar so as not to scratch the surface. As the jar is made of soft flexible plastic, it can easily scratch. 

BRAIN CORTEX INDEX
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html

Brain Cortex Solar Panel Install Part 41

BRAIN CORTEX SOLAR PANEL INSTALL PART 41

The Cortex solar panel was installed inside the brain jar above the power unit's top level. The bottom of the panel is fit to the top ledge of the battery holder, which holds the bottom of the solar panel in place without any hardware. The top of the solar panel has two angle brackets holding it, connected together as shown. The back side of the solar panel has a sticky substance which nicely grips the angle bracket's long extension side. It can also serve as a wire holder as shown.

This is the larger solar panel rated at 3 volts and 120 mA designed to power the brain and trickle charge the batteries during the day. Tests show the panel works in available room lighting.

Index to the Brain Cortex
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html

Are We Just a Brain in a Jar?

ARE WE JUST
A BRAIN IN A JAR?
After all these philosophical ponderings about the validity of the existence of a brain in a jar, science answers philosophy by bringing contemplation in to scientific fact. Transferring a human brain into a brain in a jar is now possible, at least in demonstrative parts of simplistic nature. Careful what you ask for, or in this case, think about, because it just might come true...

The “Brain in a Vat” thought experiment is an update to René Descartes’ evil demon problem. Hilary Putnam is credited with this update. The example supposes that a mad scientist has removed your brain, and placed it into a vat of liquid to keep it alive and active. The scientist has also connected your brain to a powerful computer, which sends neurological signals to the brain in the way the brain normally receives them. Thus, the computer is able to send your brain data to fool you into believing that you are still walking around in your body.

The brain-in-a-vat thought experiment is generally used to ask the question: how do you know that you are not a brain in a vat? The question mirrors an early one from Descartes, which asks how you are to know that there is not an evil demon feeding false information to your senses. The essential conclusion is that, from the perspective of the brain itself, it is impossible to tell whether it is a brain in a vat or a brain in a skull.
http://www.philosophy-index.com/putnam/brain-vat/

In philosophy, the brain in a vat is an element used in a variety of thought experiments intended to draw out certain features of our ideas of knowledge, reality, truth, mind, and meaning. It is based on an idea, common to many science fiction stories, that a mad scientist, machine, or other entity might remove a person's brain from the body, suspend it in a vat of life-sustaining liquid, and connect its neurons by wires to a supercomputer which would provide it with electrical impulses identical to those the brain normally receives. According to such stories, the computer would then be simulating reality (including appropriate responses to the brain's own output) and the person with the "disembodied" brain would continue to have perfectly normal conscious experiences without these being related to objects or events in the real world.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_in_a_vat

The brain in a vat arguement
The Brain in a Vat thought-experiment is most commonly used to illustrate global or Cartesian skepticism. You are told to imagine the possibility that at this very moment you are actually a brain hooked up to a sophisticated computer program that can perfectly simulate experiences of the outside world. Here is the skeptical argument. If you cannot now be sure that you are not a brain in a vat, then you cannot rule out the possibility that all of your beliefs about the external world are false. Or, to put it in terms of knowledge claims, we can construct the following skeptical argument. Let “P” stand for any belief or claim about the external world, say, that snow is white.
If I know that P, then I know that I am not a brain in a vat
I do not know that I am not a brain in a vat
Thus, I do not know that P.
http://www.iep.utm.edu/brainvat/

Skepticism and Content Externalism
The Cartesian skeptic puts forward various logically possible skeptical hypotheses for our consideration, such as that you are now merely dreaming that you are reading an encyclopedia entry. The more radical Evil Genius hypothesis is this: you inhabit a world consisting of just you and a God-like Evil Genius bent on deceiving you. In the Evil Genius world, nothing physical exists, and all of your experiences are directly caused by the Evil Genius. So your experiences, which represent there to be an external world of physical objects (including your body), give rise to systematically mistaken beliefs about your world (such as that you are now sitting at a computer). (For an overview of the problem of external world skepticism, see Greco 2007.) Some philosophers would deny that the Evil Genius hypothesis is genuinely logically possible. Materialists who hold that the mind is a complex physical system deny that it is possible for there to be an Evil Genius world, since, on their view, your mind could not possibly exist in a matterless world. Accordingly, a modern skeptic will have us consider an updated skeptical hypothesis that is consistent with materialism. Consider the hypothesis that you are a disembodied brain floating in a vat of nutrient fluids. This brain is connected to a supercomputer whose program produces electrical impulses that stimulate the brain in just the way that normal brains are stimulated as a result of perceiving external objects in the normal way. (The movie ‘The Matrix’ depicts embodied brains which are so stimulated, while their bodies float in a vats.) If you are a brain in a vat, then you have experiences that are qualitatively indistinguishable from those of a normal perceiver. If you come to believe, on the basis of your computer-induced experiences, that you are looking at at tree, then you are sadly mistaken.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/skepticism-content-externalism/

Brain in a Vat by John Pollock (PDF) - Philosophical Doubts
http://www.unc.edu/~megw/Pollock.pdf 

Hawking is a Brain in a Vat
The generally accepted form of wishing someone a happy birthday is to sing to the lucky person. Or perhaps buy him or her a gift. A less accepted form is to compare the birthday person to Darth Vader and suggest he or she is merely a "brain in a vat." Still, Helene Mialet, a UC Berkeley anthropologist of science, chose the path slightly less trodden. Writing in Wired, she offered that perhaps Hawking should be referred to as Obi-Wan refers to Darth Vader: "More machine than man." She went on to suggest that the eminent physicist's beautiful mind is made beautiful only with large amounts of external assistance: He is delegated across numerous other bodies: technicians, students, assistants, and of course, machines. Hawking's "genius," far from being the product of his mind alone, is in fact profoundly located, material, and collective in nature.
http://news.cnet.com/8301-17852_3-57563650-71/scientist-hawking-is-brain-in-a-vat/

Putnam on Brain in a Vat
Putnam’s argument is based on a couple of claims about words, pictures or mental images, and even thoughts or intentions link to things. Negatively, resemblance is not sufficient (nor is it necessary) for reference / aboutness / intentionality. Positively, one needs to do some further work and Putnam suggests standing in the right sort of causal relation. Using this background, the argument runs as follows:

Words/thoughts can only refer to things that stand in the right sort of causal relation to them. So ‘vats’ stand either for real vats or vats-in-the-image (ie computer generated). If we are not brains in a vat, then the “we are brains in a vat” refers to real vats and is false. If we are brains in a vat then “we are brains in a vat” refers to vats-in-the-image and is false. So “we are brains in a vat” is never true, is always false.
Putnam himself summarises his argument thus:

It follows that if their ‘possible world’ is really the actual one, and we are really the brains in a vat, then what we now mean by ‘we are brains in a vat’ is that we are brains in a vat in the image or something of that kind (if we mean anything at all). But part of the hypothesis that we are brains in a vat is that we aren’t brains in a vat in the image (i.e. what we are ‘hallucinating’ isn’t that we are brains in a vat). So, if we are brains in a vat, then the sentence ‘We are brains in a vat’ says something false (if it says anything). In short, if we are brains in a vat, then ‘We are brains in a vat’ is false. So it is (necessarily) false. [Putnam 1981]https://sites.google.com/site/drtimthornton/courses/epistemology/putnam-and-the-brain-in-a-vat/reflections-on-putnam-and-the-brain-in-a-vat

Brain Cortex Conceptual Ideas Part 36

The first meager brain cortex in a jar has the potential to conceptualize far reaching greater ideas leading to the singularity symbiotic union of man and machine. This NULT view represents not only the far reaching expanses of billions of celestial evolving nodes in various times like that of a cosmic neural net expansion, but is similar to the potential expanses of a machine brain's neural net evolving into the future.

BRAIN CORTEX
CONCEPT IDEAS
PART 36
The project objective is to develop a cortex machine brain, demonstrate human-to-machine brain transfer, in particular to take some relatively simple human characteristics and transfer portions to the machine brain, whereby human traits could be given greater life longevity, leading towards immortality.

This gravatomic® machine view looks into time, with billions of light years of time travel difference between our time and the time of the Universe. Will casting our brain cortex bottle into the sea of the cosmic universe create a future time travel bubble of similar longevity? Is this the destiny of human immortality? All photos ©Humanoido Labs, Gravatomics Telescope, Deep Space Center, USA Ultra Space Administration.

What are some of the long range conceptual ideas behind the Brain Cortex project? The first objective is to create a machine brain that can hold a portion of a human biological brain and place it into a definable container that can more readily survive its forward electric journey into time, through the passage of worldly events.

Next, the cortex is given a means to survive on its own, i.e. self recharging batteries and its own renewable energy source such as solar power and the ability to gather power from natural lighting.

The electric brain is given life and the ability to communicate with humans in natural language.

The machine brain is programed not only for life, but for the ability to learn, remember, and ask questions.

A simplified human subset Katra is created and this is transferred into the electric holding halls of the machine brain, then integrated into its living annuls.

This leads to a transfer from the human mind into the machine mind involving the three necessities: facts, experiences, personality.

The next step is the retention of these human attributes in long term, perhaps eternal, memory, demonstrating a greater longevity when residing inside the machine compared to residing inside human biology, the latter of which may not be repairable.

How far into the future can you go?

In nearing the final step, the machine brain, with its human knowledge transferred inside it, undergoes conventional time travel into the distant future, moving towards a state of immortality. Whether this state is ever achieved depends on a number of factors that will be decided once the journey has begun.

The cortex in a jar can demonstrate a simple way to transfer part of human knowledge into a machine, conceptually, showing the potential for more advanced systems in the future.

The machine brain, conceptually, represents you in the three aspects defined - knowledge, personality, experience.

The light weight jar brain can compress a human 100 to 200 times into less mass and transport it to far away places like Mars and distant worlds with far greater efficiency.

Want to go from point A to point B? Just E-Transfer your brain across the internet, or beam yourself 

Journey in space-time across the galaxy

Your jar brain can take long journeys into space and time, without cryogenics, without suspended animation, without special needs, and with infinite patience can traverse to the farthest distances of space time and places the human mind cannot fathom.

Hundreds of years will be no different than seconds of time, and centuries like minutes. Eons of time may pass as the cortex brain continues to survive, maintain, upgrade, and live on.

Your machine brain could become a probe, one of many to seed the whole universe, spreading the essence of your intelligence in a machine.

Journey to a black hole as a brain probe?

A cortex copy could explore a closer dominion of a powerful black hole and go where no human could go. 

You could approach the singularity of a black hole and have your brain copied and transmitted out of the hole, at the precise moment of mechanical destruction, to assure your survival.

You could meet and meld with other electric beings in the universe and share intelligence and worldly knowledge.

Your electric brain may find a way to grow, become more, and do more, perhaps breaking through this universe to the multiverse and explore quantum worlds beyond our own reality.

A jar brain can make a backup of you, in case you develop a fatal disease, die of old age, or become terminated by an accident or natural catastrophe. 

Join brains or travel alone

You brain may join others who decide to create a bigger brain. Connected nodes of brains may exist anywhere across space and time linked by the science fiction of today.

The cortex brain in a jar, with your mind inside, could be placed in a science museum where the public can access you and your knowledge in the future, long after your biological life is over.

Your cortex brain machine counterpart could time travel and be propelled into the distant future, living on by and through the mere passage and forward flow of events.

You can clone yourself and one person can be in millions of places at the same time.

You could pursue millions of your interests at the same time.

With you and your mind in a jar, your requiem for survival can console your family and your loved ones for as long as they live.

Robot Avatar

Transferred to a humanoid robot avatar covered with your replicated skin, the spitting image of you, could once again do all the things you loved to do as a human, only now you can do it better, faster, farther, longer...

You could, with larger fuller transfers of mind, operate as a collective to help solve world problems and make life better.

The brain cortex project is considering at least three types of classifications for upload from a human brain. There are three areas for a simplified upload to one cortex layer. This includes factual knowledge, personality and experience.  While factual knowledge may initially appear less unique to a person's characteristics, it is not. It can certainly be a defining signature based on the type of knowledge one knows and the level and quantity of a particular interest.  Personality can include likes and dislikes, viewpoints, philosophy and values. More knowledge and factual material can indicate personality interests about astronomy for example.  Experiences can include previous choices made, stories, and things that are selected as one over another due to learned past events.

INTELLIGENCE
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-capacity-part-34.html

THE KATRA
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-katra-part-31.html

TIME TRAVEL
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/simple-time-travel-with-penny.html

Index to the Brain Cortex
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/11/brain-cortex-index-part-16.html