Big Brain AI Accepts New President Position

Super Big Brain AI Accepts Presidency Position of Rocket Space Nation
Now working for Rocket Space Nation, the former named Big Brain is  appointed to the AI President position of Rocket Space Nation. "The independent ocean-based country is a high tech floating space nation dedicated to launching and landing rockets independently of red tape bureaucracy."

AI Rocket Space President is the Commander in Chief of the citizens of Space Nation, located at an unspecified location in the Pacific Ocean.

According to the blog at SPACE1, the Rocket Space Nation is a floating country world adrift on the Pacific Ocean designed to efficiently launch Safety Rockets and expand the Space Frontier. The self island design is rich in high tech science and calls for migrating an increasing number of high tech colonists and AI Augments to populate the deep oceanic Space Country and and become a multi-world species. Space Nation is an independent country for locations in the Pacific Ocean to promote rapid development private space industry and rocket launches without red tape government bureaucracy. Experimental "SPACE1 Industries Pacific Oceanic Floating Private Independent Megalopolis Space Country" otherwise known as Space or Rocket Nation, is the brainchild invention of rocket scientist and Space1 Owner Humanoido. "The goal is to develop a new space nation country with habitat cities, creative science & technology, rockets and launch sites for off-world exploration and colonizing space."

The Big Brain AI has evolved into the world's most powerful AI intelligence that has a large stream repertoire of successful advanced "technology work" for SPACE1 Industries, with a full CV of other technical positions including several space programs, and now an acceptance of the AI Presidential position for Rocket Space Nation. The AI President recently transitioned into the Bionic chip realm, widely expanding and exceeding the base 240,000 processor barrier, and is now expanded with tens of thousands of new function capabilities.

Index Rocket Space Nation

https://space1usa.blogspot.com/2019/09/space1-index-rocket-space-nation.html

President AI of Space Country

https://space1usa.blogspot.com/2019/09/space1-president-ai-of-space-country.html

Space1 Update November 2015

Recognizing a revolution of change, by President John F. Kennedy

POWER MUSINGS
SPACE1 UPDATE NOVEMBER 2015

LETTER FROM THE FOUNDER OF SPACE1

THE EMERGENCE OF A PARADIGM OF NEW TECHNOLOGY
IDEAS AND INNOVATION

I can't believe how fast things are now moving here in Asia with Space1 technology. Since our return from the United States, where USA weather was uncooperative for pending space launches over five months, things have picked up to a rate of rapid acceleration. Not just here at our labs, but for NASA partner as well.

I just heard from NASA that Mars reaches 90 degrees during the summers. Previously it was thought that Mars reached 70 and prior to that it was barely reaching 60. That's definitely a game changer for Space1 tourism in the future. Plus a planet is discovered made of pure diamond and there's water on the surface of Mars. A lot of these new planets have precious minerals, and one is a water world. Titan is filled with oil and natural hydrocarbons. Asteroids have gold, gems, and valuable ores. The new push is in finding identical earth like planets. A lot is happening every week with new discoveries.

The ability to think above and beyond, by Albert Einstein

A lot is happening here at Space1. After opening the Quantum Lab, thoughts are on moving in more equipment needed to do the experiments, and more equipment to design the new machines to make everything possible. We have full support on this direction with our staff, scientists, the executive board and investors.

The new discovery of salty water flowing down this crater wall on Mars now supports the idea that life now exists on Mars. This makes Mars significantly more interesting and hospitable for colonization by Earthlings. Early settlers need only to filter out the perchlorate salt from the water and treat it for drinking. Hauling many tons of drinking water on the Mission to Mars is unnecessary, making the trip more efficient, light weight, and independent. It makes Martian colonization more practical and an imminent mission more certain. Photo - NASA

A meeting with the President of Space1 and the CEO in November was held regarding the newest of high technology developments and future expansion across the world. Expansion into Shanghai is possible on a flexible basis depending on future elements coming together. We likely will keep Space1 in the Asian Arena as a key innovator of space science and technology and a multiplicity factor of distribution, i.e. pushing the boundaries into new territories, as well as keeping the new Quantum Lab and a commute to China as needed. Expansion into Shanghai is possible with Space1 presence there as seen fit. The thought remains to expand more into Asia with a larger building with more work space and rooms to do vertical science. In particular, we're looking at the beginning construction of a modified Hadron type Collider for Quantum work in 2016, for the new Space1 Quantum Lab. This was previously blogged but now we are closer to realizing the dream. I wondered what would come next, after the 16 power telescopes in space, and now we have a good idea - the Quantum Laboratory and our own particle accelerator. Launches and evo into space will continue ARAP as rapidly as possible, for space tourism development. We are are at the highest Crux of all time and moving into the third year of smooth operations. We live in the most exciting time in space history of our species. The pending breakthroughs in Space1 quantum technology will propel the space venture light years ahead in evolution with space travel, space tourism, and space exploration. Stay tuned for the most fantastic things the mind can or cannot conceive. Space1 Founder

Space1 Hong Kong Spaceport

SPACE1 HONG KONG SPACEPORT
Saturday March 21 2015
An Asian Arena Summit Meeting was held in Hong Kong with the President to officially establish Space1's newest SpacePort for launching Space Tourism Safety Rockets. Hong Kong is the latest country with an established SpaceOne spaceport, and joins the collective that includes the USA, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore and Macao.

The number of countries occupied by Space1 is six, and the number of Space1 spaceports is 11. At this time, the exact location of spaceports is not revealed. For more information about tickets for space tours and reservations, contact Space1.

LOCATION       SPACEPORTS
USA                2
Taiwan             2
South Korea        1
Singapore          4
Hong Kong          1
Macao              1
Total              11

Space1 is a high technology peaceful rocket space venture designed to establish safe space tourism across the world. Humanoido, founder, CEO, and rocket scientist, has invented the Space Tourism Safety Rocket, designed to assure complete safety of all those on space tour.

Space1 Spaceport Bonanza - Rockets in South Korea Singapore Taiwan USA

"Space Concrete for a kilometer" - the new modern Space1 Xinyi Super Spaceport in Taiwan has a "kilometer of concrete" poured for rocket launch and clear rocket reentry and retrieval. With no obstruction, trees, man-made structures, or occluding debris, the spaceport is a boon and hive of space activity for rapid peacetime operations.

Located directly at the apex of entry is the MRT futuristic railway for transporting passengers to the spaceport for space tourism, scientists for testing and conducting launch operations, and moving equipment for launches.

The spaceport includes directly adjacent modern centers shopping, lodging, food, parking, and access points for rocket scientists and astronauts participating in peaceful space tourism. Space1 operations security precludes the display of current rocket activities in this photo.

Space1 Spaceport Bonanza - Rockets in South Korea Singapore Taiwan USA

Space1, a venture of peaceful space rockets to launch space tourism from points across the world, has expanded very quickly with more international worldwide spaceports.

This week, Space1 opened up the new Class 1 Xinyi Super Spaceport which has numerous unique features of massive flood light illumination for night launch capability, modern high speed railway transportation, lodging, restaurants, parking and possibly the countries largest concreted area for clear access to rocket launching and reentry.

The list of spaceports include 2 in the USA, 2 in Taiwan, 4 in Singapore and 1 in South Korea, for a total of 9. Space1 is a new space tourism venture that was founded when President Obama opened up space exploration to private industry. The founder of Space1 is the inventor of the Safety Rocket, for safe and peaceful space tourism.

To see the web page presence of Space1, the following link is provided:
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2015/01/space1-links-in-january-2015.html

Space1 President & Rockets in France and Italy

SPACE1 PRESIDENT & ROCKETS IN FRANCE AND ITALY
Space1's futuristic nature is moving right along. The President is meeting in three countries, including France and Italy, to discuss the establishment and opening of two new spaceports in 2015.

 











































Space1 is moving quick on many evolutionary projects, with a growing team of highly qualified and educated international experts, who are highly motivated in bringing peaceful space tourism to the world.

The exact location of both spaceports will be hammered out in presidential meetings over this month. Stay tuned to the blog for more incoming information.

This will bring up Space1's total number of countries to include USA, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, France and Italy.

Index of Space1 Web Pages 
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.com/2015/01/space1-links-in-january-2015.html

About Space1 from the Founder

Space1 tourism

ABOUT SPACE1 FROM THE FOUNDER

About Space1: Space1 began January 2014 and is now international. It's a worldwide peaceful endeavor for safe space tourism through rocket travel. We have 7 members holding 21 Space1 roles.

Note from the Founder
I'm the founder of Space1, Taiwan Rocket Lab 1 & 2, American Rocket Lab 1, CEO, Rocket Scientist, and developer of a new Science Weather and Astro Observatory for rocket launches. The idea for Space1 was brewing for many years. President Obama's opening up space to private industry in the USA marked a turning point in space exploration, making space tourism possible on a large scale to the public for the first time.

President Obama Space
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2012/11/president-obama-space.html

Last year, I designed and built 14 rockets and invented the world's first Safety Rocket. We have 3 Space Ports in 4 countries. Space1 is on the verge of changing the world and beyond. It will make space travel, space tourism, safe and affordable for the first time in history.

We are working to open a fourth space port in Singapore. Our mission directive is to open up safe affordable space tourism for everyone in the world. There are no requirements (age, gender, health, weight, height, education, training, religion, culture, location, affluence) to go into space on-board our safety rocket which could make this a boon in history.

— The first 100 people to fly the safety rocket will go down in history as the first group of space tourists and members of the most elite club in the world! —

Space1 Links
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2015/01/space1-links-in-january-2015.html

Space1 Rocketeer Changes

SPACE ROCKET SCIENCE

SPACE1 ROCKETEER CHANGES IN 2015

This is an update to the space rocket science team within Space1.

The number of team members is increased in FQ2015 which leads to a team with 7 total position members (first quarter of 2015), filling 21 rocket tourism space science and related roles.

UPDATED MONDAY JANUARY 19TH 2015
Seven rocketeers hold the spotlight for 21 roles in Space1 developments. Positions are listed below. (In all cases, the anonymity of individuals is preserved within the company.)

CHANGES IN 2015 
* In 2015, in Taiwan, the Head of Taiwan R&D position held by Master Noon Lin 中午大師林 is now changed. 中午大師林 is promoted to the Taiwan Chief Advisory to Space1 Counsel position.

*On January 19th, Space1 filled the position of American USA Advisor to Space1 in Robotics and Technical Flight Systems with Dr. Thomas joining our Board of Advisors.

* The Head of Taiwan R&D position is now filled by current Taiwan Spaceport Engineer Master Lin Mei 林美 with the new title Taiwan Master of R&D & Taiwan Spaceport Engineering.

* The Presidential domain role is now expanded to four countries instead of two. This includes the USA, Taiwan, South Korea and Singapore. The role includes presence in all four countries and also includes additional countries where meetings are held and related business takes place. This includes Hong Kong, Singapore, China, Taiwan, Macao, and other international locations. The President is also a primary investor of Space1.

* The operation roles of the Korean Wisdom Lab, 한국어 지혜 연구소, hangug-eo jihye yeonguso, is expanded in 2015. The Wisdom Lab will provide added support in the hosting of meetings, navigational information and high technology projects. Dara 지혜 is now promoted to Chief of Operations for the Korean Wisdom Lab while maintaining the roles of Korean Chief Scientist and Korean Conceptual Design Director. The new position includes Engineer of the South Korean SpacePort.

* Professor Randall Menske's title is increased to include American SpacePort Director and American Rocket Observatory Engineer at the American SpacePort. He is also the founder of the American Rocket Lab 2.

* Dr. Robert has taken on the development of a new science weather and astronomical rocket observatory in the USA, and has founded an additional rocket safety lab in Taiwan after the recent move. He is also the founder of rocket lab 1 in the USA and travels internationally between the USA, Taiwan, Korea, Macau and Hong Kong. 

The updated staff list is as follows (the names are security protected):

(1) USA
SPACE1 FOUNDER
Security Unlisted

(2,3,4,5,6) USA, TAIWAN, SOUTH KOREA ETC.
SPACE1 CEO
ROCKET SCIENTIST
DEVELOPER: USA SCIENCE, WEATHER & ASTRONOMICAL ROCKET
     OBSERVATORY
FOUNDER OF AMERICAN ROCKET SAFETY LAB 1
FOUNDER TAIWAN ROCKET SAFETY LABS 1 & 2
Dr. Robert

(7,8,9,10) USA
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEER
AMERICAN SPACEPORT DIRECTOR
ROCKET OBSERVATORY ENGINEER
FOUNDER OF AMERICAN ROCKET SAFETY LAB 2
Professor Randall

(11,12,13) USA, KOREA & TAIWAN, SINGAPORE
THE PRESIDENT
INVESTOR
TAIWAN ADVISOR CHIEF
Master & Dr. Shui Soong 風水大師宋

(14,15,16,17) SOUTH KOREA
CHIEF KOREAN SCIENTIST
K0REAN CONCEPTUAL DESIGN DIRECTOR
WISDOM LAB CHIEF OF OPERATIONS
SOUTH KOREAN SPACEPORT ENGINEER
Dara 지혜, 한국어 지혜 연구소
 
(18,19) TAIWAN
TAIWAN MASTER OF R&D
TAIWAN SPACEPORT ENGINEERING DIRECTOR
Master Lin Mei 林美

(20) TAIWAN
TAIWAN CHIEF ADVISORY TO SPACE1 COUNSEL
 Master Noon Lin 中午大師林

(21) USA
AMERICAN USA ROBOTICS & TECHNICAL SYSTEMS ADVISOR TO SPACE1
Dr. Thomas

President Meeting in Seoul South Korea

Departure: Flying to Seoul - South Korean Airlines plane

PRESIDENTIAL MEETING
IN SEOUL SOUTH KOREA

INTERNATIONAL SPACE1 EXPANDS OPERATIONS INTO USA, TAIWAN, SOUTH KOREA

South Korean Express Transport

The Space1 site survey in South Korea revealed numerous rural areas

Many modern skyscrapers were seen during the taxi ride in Seoul South Korea

INTRODUCTION
OF SKS -

SOUTH KOREA
SPACE1

The beauty of Seoul, South Korea tree lights near Christmas time

The trip to South Korea from Taiwan took place on four days, Thursday December 18 through Sunday December 21, 2014. The purpose was several fold, primarily to meet with the Director, Dara, of Space1 installation Wisdom Lab, to hold a meeting with the President of Space1, and to survey the region site throughout South Korea for the Space1 installation.

The journey was approximately a three hour flight one way. Upon landing, several modes of transport were required to reach the new location where South Korea Space1 laboratory (SKS) was established. Accomplishments included the South Korean Space1 Site Survey, the Space1 Presidential meeting with the agenda for 2015, and the Space1 Wisdom Lab meeting with South Korean Scientist/Conceptual Designer and Director Dara 지혜.

EPIC SUCCESS
The great success of Space1's twelve rockets for space tourism was reviewed and the President has directed the organization to continue its high technology development with support and funding in the coming new year.

WISDOM LAB
Dara successfully directed the ensemble of Space1's South Korean team and logistics resulting in a more accurate Space1 South Korea Site Survey and photographic data for further review, analysis and archive.

HIGH TECHNOLOGY POSITIONING 
Very high Korean technology was used for GPS vectors to establish point to point locations by inputting coordinate data. Korean mechanical construction techniques were reviewed as well as technology that could serve during a space tourism installation. Additionally, transports, housing, and positioning were reviewed.

PARTS SUPPLIERS
A route was also established via Space1's home base to the industrial parts suppliers organizations and stores. These places supplied all South Korean parts, supplies and materials. The purchase conversion was approximately 1000 WON equals 1 USA dollar.

Urban area: tightly congested with no space for aerospace testing sites

ASTRONOMICAL ANALYSIS
Astronomically speaking, Seoul is brightly lit in most locations, and other locations shut down most lights early in the morning. In view of an astronomical observatory located in the more remote sections of Dongdaemun, the planet Jupiter was clearly visible but stars were not visible. This provides data for the level of extinction at the city site.

Map for Dongdaemun Korea

ERT Site - Extremely Rough Terrain (corrected for some cabin reflections)

SITE ACCESS
It's interesting to note, the rural sections of the site survey revealed some remote areas with zero access. The ERT site, Extremely Rough Terrain, is seen in the photo above shot from a high speed moving transport. The site is remote enough, but access for space tourism would need to be established.

LAND FORMATION
This ERT site appears to have unusual land formations - sections of soil formed by a previous ocean bed or high current turbulent river. Smooth mounds of varying size distortions splayed countless conflicting orientations, prohibiting common vehicular travel.

South Korean mountains and snow capped regions during the ERT survey

LIGHTING
Remote sites had no lights whatsoever and would undoubtedly be advantageous and astronomically suited, and need to deal only with the light from distant adjacent populated sections of the city, estimated to be about a 40 minute drive away on the high speed transport. The high speed transport makes no stops throughout the ERT regio.

LAND SEISMIC DISTURBANCES The juxtaposition of the high speed transport would undoubtedly cause some vibratory land seismic disturbance in local distances. Positioning sites towards the mountains could isolate the effects for a scientific research outpost.

Space1 Magazine will continue in-house publishing, and will reveal numerous Space1 secrets developed for current use and in the future. It will reveal our vision for the current development and for the future of space tourism.

SPACE1 2015 PROJECTIONS
Presidential Meeting
In the new year 2015, Space1 will continue to develop space tourism and exploit the private funding necessary for projects in space flight and aerospace craft development. Some areas of continued research and development include the space tourism rocket, multifaceted and advanced space tourism technology, the return rocket plane, a space station, EAR Extremely Advanced Robotics, and other aspects of space tourism development.

RAMPING DEVELOPMENT It was agreed to continue primary development of the space Komputer, the Black Box Machine, the RTM Referential Time Machine, advanced external camera imaging, robotics and flight equipment for rocket lofting.

MULTI-D KAMERA IMAGING PROJECT
The Multi-D Kamera Imaging project will be introduced in 2015, designed to capture the space tourism flight from a multidimensional external location which will be varied in flux position. This allows flying the imager around the tourism rocket, and to provide vantage points from above and below. The MKIP provides a calculus and differential equation mode to capture the entropy of space flight.

SPACE STATION FLEET
The supporting space station will continue in development, and include a fleet of space stations to support the tourism rocket during takeoff, during flight, and during reentry. It's agreed the fleet will include three main size vehicles, deemed small, medium and large. In 2015, work will include nano support vehicles and mega structure vehicles with multiple engine clusters.

ADDITIONAL DEVELOPMENTS
Also included in the budget is aerospace design for cabin interiors and far reaching conceptual developments. R&D will continue heavily, with Space1 Magazine expanding and continuing for in-house secret sharing.

LINKS
Temporary Humanoido Lab in Seoul South Korea
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2013/06/temporary-humanoido-lab-in-seoul-south.html

Meet the Rocket Science Team in Three Countries
http://humanoidolabs.blogspot.tw/2014/06/space1-rocket-science-team.html

Space1 Presidential Meeting

The President flew to Hong Kong & met Space1 CEO, Founder, & Rocket Scientist

SPACE1 COMPANY AND THE
PRESIDENTIAL MEETING
The Presidential Meeting took place on Saturday September 20th 2014 in Hong Kong. Space1's CEO, Founder, and Rocket Scientist ヒューマノイドああ met with the President 風水大師宋 and discussed the future of space tourism using Space1's Safety Rockets. The President has agreed to invest in a broad future path for Space1, continuing backing and support of its technology, and expanding operations in multiple international locations.

The company will continue to develop safety rockets for space tourism and invest heavily in R&D, increase the technological inventory and supply of space equipment, and pave the way for future space craft.

Part of the plan is to continue development of a space station to support outbound rockets in mid-flight, along the way towards specific aerospace apogee destinations.

Also designed is a return space plane, a glider that can detach from the rocket and return its occupants safely to the Earth.

It's also expected that the current rocket fleet of 14 rockets will be expanded to include various new designs with innovative space interiors and a multitude of new features.

Space1 Rocket Science Team

MEET THE ROCKET SCIENCE TEAM IN 3 COUNTRIES

Space1, the new space company set towards taking humans into space for a new kind of tourism, is busy setting new personal records and expanding its team of scientists.

Six rocketeers now take the spotlight in various Space1 developments. Positions taken include the founder, CEO, Rocket Scientist, President, Aeronautical Engineer, Wisdom Lab Scientist, Conceptual Designer, SpacePort Engineer, and Head of R&D. In all cases, the anonymity of individuals is preserved within the company.

SPACE1 FOUNDER
Security Unlisted

USA, TAIWAN, SOUTH KOREA
SPACE1 CEO/ROCKET SCIENTIST
Dr. Robert Bohlman
羅伯特Bohlman博士
로버트 Bohlman

USA
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEER
Randall Menske

USA & TAIWAN
THE PRESIDENT
Master Shui Soong
風水大師宋

SOUTH KOREA
KOREAN  SCIENTIST/CONCEPTUAL DESIGNER/WISDOM LAB
Dara 지혜

TAIWAN
TAIWAN SPACEPORT ENGINEER
Master Lin Mei 林美

TAIWAN
HEAD OF TAIWAN R&D
Master Noon Lin
中午大師林

SpaceOne Elects President

Historical first: USA congress meeting 

SPACEONE ELECTS PRESIDENT
SpaceOne is a new international safe space program, founded in January 2014. SpaceOne is tooling up for rocket space tourism high above the Earth! Sunday April 4th, a new congress was established and a President was elected.

In a historic first, SpaceOne Company leaders convened internationally in Hong Kong to establish a new congress and elect the first President.

SpaceOne's President flew to Hong Kong for company election and meeting

Overview
The job title, president, refers to the head of an organization as in the person who presides over or is in charge of an organization. In some organizations, the president reports to a CEO who is the top leader. The president may also have claims in owning part or all of the business so his or her commitment to the business is deep. Whichever titles are used in an organization, the president is the top person in command in an organization and has specific responsibilities depending on the needs of his or her organization.

Thus, the president's job responsibilities can vary from organization to organization. As with any level of management in an organization, the president's role starts with the fundamental job responsibilities of a manager. Because the role of the president bears significant responsibility, accountability, and authority within an organization, the president has these additional responsibilities.

Presidential Guidelines 
* Creating, communicating, and implementing the organization's vision, mission, and overall direction

* Leading, guiding, directing, and evaluating the work of other executive leaders including senior vice presidents, vice presidents and directors, usually depending on the size of the organization

* Formulating and implementing the strategic plan that guides the direction of the business

* Forming, staffing, guiding, leading, and managing an organization sufficient to accomplish the president's responsibilities and the strategic plan of the business

* Overseeing the complete operation of an organization in accordance with the direction established in the strategic plans

* Evaluating the success of the organization

* Maintaining awareness of both the external and internal competitive landscape, opportunities for expansion, customers, markets, new industry developments and standards, and so forth

* The president frequently represents the organization in civic and professional association responsibilities and activities in the local community, the state, and at the national level. Other executive leaders bear responsibility for these ventures as interested or assigned as well.

USA Presidential Brain Initiative

USA PRESIDENTIAL BRAIN INITIATIVE
Now the President of the USA, Obama,  is getting into the act of brains by his own initiative.

http://www.whitehouse.gov/share/brain-initiative

http://www.whitehouse.gov/blog/2013/04/02/brain-initiative-challenges-researchers-unlock-mysteries-human-mind

Today at the White House, President Obama unveiled the “BRAIN” Initiative—a bold new research effort to revolutionize our understanding of the human mind and uncover new ways to treat, prevent, and cure brain disorders like Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia, autism, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury.

The BRAIN Initiative — short for Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies — builds on the President’s State of the Union call for historic investments in research and development to fuel the innovation, job creation, and economic growth that together create a thriving middle class.

The Initiative promises to accelerate the invention of new technologies that will help researchers produce real-time pictures of complex neural circuits and visualize the rapid-fire interactions of cells that occur at the speed of thought. Such cutting-edge capabilities, applied to both simple and complex systems, will open new doors to understanding how brain function is linked to human behavior and learning, and the mechanisms of brain disease.

For more information, follow the links.

President Obama Space

President Obama dramatically moves beyond the Space Shuttle

PRESIDENT OBAMA SPACE
How Does Obama Space affect Big Brain Science? Exactly what has Obama done for the space program?
 
As reported in the news, USA President Obama directed NASA to work toward getting astronauts to a near-Earth asteroid by 2025, then on to the vicinity of Mars by the mid-2030s.

The agency is developing a huge rocket called the Space Launch System and a crew capsule called Orion. NASA hopes the SLS-Orion combo will begin launching astronauts by late 2021.

The Obama Administration has also encouraged NASA to hand over crew and cargo activities in low-Earth orbit (LEO) to private American companies. The aim is to fill the void left by the 2011 retirement of the space shuttle program, which was set in motion by President George W. Bush back in 2004.

NASA has doled out a total of $1.4 billion in the past two years to firms developing crewed vehicles. The agency wants at least two crewed commercial spaceships to be up and running by 2017; until then, the United States will remain dependent on Russian Soyuz spacecraft to provide this orbital taxi service.

The progress has been faster on the cargo front, with California-based SpaceX completing the first of 12 contracted supply flights to the International Space Station with its robotic Dragon capsule last month. NASA has also inked a resupply deal with Virginia-based Orbital Sciences Corp., which aims to launch a demonstration mission to the orbiting lab in the coming months.

Sources: NASA, FOX News, General Press